Why encapsulated bacteria splenectomy

Annual vaccination against influenza is recommended, preferably in September. Summary Table. First diagnosed at months of age If not yet administered, give the routine 12 month vaccines i. Antibiotic prophylaxis. Given these factors, people in the following groups should be strongly recommended to receive prophylaxis: All people in the first three years after splenectomy 5 All children up to the age of 16 and those over 50 years 6 Individuals in whom there is underlying impaired immune function, malignancy or haematological condition Individuals who have suffered one severe infection Regardless of whether prophylaxis is used, patient education is of paramount importance regarding: The fact that immunisation and antibiotic prophylaxis does not guarantee protection against invasive disease.

The need for rapid medical assessment of suspected infections The requirement to keep a course of antibiotics at home in order to commence treatment prior to medical assessment when this is delayed. Antibiotic Treatment. Travel Patients should be made aware of the need to seek travel advice early, even for travel in Europe and the potential risks of overseas travel particularly with regard to malaria and unusual infection such as those from animal bites All asplenic patients should be made aware of the increased risk of severe falciparum malaria, and the requirement for antimalarial prophylaxis cannot be overemphasised.

Travel to areas where malaria is endemic should be discouraged. Depending on sensitivities in the area of intended travel, doxycycline may offer a combination of antibiotic and antimalarial prophylaxis Tick bites. Babesiosis is a rare potentially severe tick-borne disease caused by infection with a protozoan parasite. Most infections are asymptomatic, though the clinical syndrome can include fever, chills, myalgia, fatigue and jaundice secondary to haemolytic anaemia that may last from a few days to several months.

Geographic distribution of the species of ticks that carry the disease is worldwide. Asplenic patients should be educated about the need for protective clothing when walking in areas of forestry or long grass. Meningococcal disease. There is an increased risk of serogroup A, W or Y disease in some countries. Ensure that individuals have been immunised with MenACWY conjugate vaccine as per summary table page 4. Animal Bites Capnocytophaga canimorsus can cause febrile illness in patients with impaired immune systems who have been licked, bitten or scratched by dogs or cats.

Treatment of acute infection. Administer intra-muscularly. An asplenic patient with fever requires immediate empiric antibiotic treatment. Asplenic infection and sepsis are a medical emergency. Preventing the infection is vital. Expand all sections Register Log in. Trusted medical expertise in seconds. Find answers fast with the high-powered search feature and clinical tools. Azathioprine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease.

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Br J Haematol. Contact us at editors emdocs. Ear Pain. Powered by Gomalthemes. Toggle navigation. Menu All Content. Previous Post. Next Post. Dangers of Infection in the Splenectomy Patient. May 1st, Dilani Weerasuriya categories: practice updates.

Background Approximately 1 million people live in the U. Why are asplenic patients more prone to infection? Why are certain bacteria more dangerous? Which asplenic patients are more prone to infection? Elderly and male patients have a higher incidence of noncompliance with protocols and vaccinations that could prevent sepsis. Do they follow the CDC recommendations of vaccines against Haemophilus influenza type B, meningococcemia, influenza, and valent pneumococcus?

Have they noticed any new rashes? Any recent travel? Any night sweats? Any respiratory complaints? Any neurological complaints?

Lab evaluation Look for signs of meningismus. Look for signs of DIC.